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Table 2 Food intake and diet quality by diet texture, oral nutritional supplements and assistance with eating

From: Diet quality is associated with malnutrition and low calf circumference in Canadian long-term care residents

 Total SampleModified Texture Diet (IDDSI 3–5) Mean (SD)Oral Nutritional Supplements Prescribed Mean (SD)Physical Assistance with Eating Sometimes/Oftena Mean (SD)
  NoYesNoYesNoYes
Number of Residents (n)619415204430189475141
Energy Intake (kcal/day)1556.3 (294.1)1578.9 (274.3)1510.2 (326.7)*1580.3 (272.6)1501.6 (332.4)*1583.1 (276.6)1478.0 (323.1)*
Protein intake (g/day)57.5 (13.0)57.5 (11.7)57.5 (15.3)58.0 (12.1)56.3 (14.8)58.4 (12.2)54.9 (14.7)*
MAR0.79 (0.09)0.80 (0.08)0.78 (0.10)0.79 (0.07)0.78 (0.11)0.80 (0.07)0.77* (0.11)
NAR
 Vitamin Db0.28 (0.11)0.27 (0.11)0.30* (0.12)0.27 (0.11)0.28 (0.12)0.28 (0.11)0.27 (0.12)
 Vitamin E α-tocopherol0.34 (0.13)0.34 (0.13)0.34 (0.14)0.31 (0.09)0.40* (0.19)0.34 (0.13)0.35 (0.14)
 Folate (DFE)0.58 (0.18)0.63 (0.17)0.48* (0.17)0.62 (0.16)0.51* (0.21)0.61 (0.19)0.48* (0.19)
 Calcium0.61 (0.19)0.60 (0.18)0.64* (0.20)0.61 (0.18)0.62 (0.20)0.62 (0.19)0.60 (0.19)
 Magnesium0.65 (0.15)0.65 (0.14)0.64 (0.17)0.64 (0.13)0.66 (0.17)0.66 (0.13)0.62* (0.17)
 Vitamin B60.75 (0.16)0.74 (0.15)0.75 (0.18)0.74 (0.15)0.76 (0.19)0.75 (0.15)0.74 (0.19)
 Zinc0.81 (0.16)0.80 (0.16)0.82 (0.18)0.80 (0.15)0.82 (0.18)0.82 (0.15)0.79 (0.18)
 Vitamin A (RAE)0.82 (0.17)0.82 (0.16)0.81 (0.18)0.83 (0.16)0.78* (0.19)0.82 (0.16)0.79 (0.20)
 Vitamin C0.90 (0.17)0.88 (0.19)0.94* (0.13)0.89 (0.18)0.94* (0.15)0.89 (0.18)0.95* (0.14)
 Copper0.92 (0.12)0.93 (0.11)0.91 (0.15)0.92 (0.12)0.92 (0.14)0.94 (0.11)0.88* (0.16)
 Vitamin B10.93 (0.13)0.95 (0.11)0.90* (0.16)0.95 (0.10)0.90* (0.16)0.95 (0.10)0.89* (0.17)
 Selenium0.96 (0.12)0.99 (0.06)0.92* (0.18)0.98 (0.07)0.92* (0.17)0.98 (0.06)0.90* (0.19)
 Iron0.97 (0.09)0.98 (0.07)0.95* (0.12)0.97 (0.08)0.95* (0.11)0.98 (0.06)0.94* (0.12)
 Vitamin B120.97 (0.08)0.98 (0.08)0.96 (0.10)0.97 (0.08)0.96 (0.09)0.98 (0.07)0.96* (0.11)
 Vitamin B20.98 (0.07)0.99 (0.04)0.97* (0.10)0.99 (0.05)0.97* (0.09)0.99 (0.04)0.96* (0.11)
 Vitamin B3c0.98 (0.07)0.99 (0.04)0.96* (0.12)0.99 (0.04)0.96* (0.11)0.99 (0.04)0.96* (0.12)
 Phosphorus0.98 (0.06)0.99* (0.05)0.98* (0.08)0.99 (0.04)0.97* (0.09)0.99 (0.04)0.97* (0.09)
  1. aData missing for 3 residents, n = 616. Food and nutrient intake stratified by modified texture diet, oral nutritional supplement use and requiring physical assistance, as these resident level covariates were a) prevalent in the sample, and b) known to be associated with malnutrition
  2. bInternational unit
  3. cNiacin equivalent
  4. *p < 0.05
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BMC Nutrition

ISSN: 2055-0928

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